the latest research available online
Inflammation is now recognized as being pivotal in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This review highlights key concepts in our current understanding of the role of inflammation in the initiation, progression, and complication of atherosclerosis....
The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in periodontal pathology is unclear but will be modulated by in vivo antioxidant defence systems. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine both local (saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peripheral (plasma and serum) antioxidant capacity in periodontal health and disease. GCF antioxidant concentration was ... Read more
There was a progressive reduction in salivary antioxidant levels from healthy non-smokers to light smokers to heavy smokers.
A positive association was found between plasma oxidative status and periodontal attachment in patients in the maintenance phase of periodontal therapy. A systemic increase in oxidative stress may influence the rate of progression of periodontal disease.
Studies suggest a correlation between ethanol consumption and periodontal disease. We hypothesized that elevated levels of blood reactive oxygen species following ethanol consumption may increase inflammation in periodontal tissue. Results suggest that chronic alcohol consumption increased periodontal inflammation, oxidative damage, and TNF-? production and had an additive effect on polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration and gingival oxidative ... Read more
Periodontitis results in loss of connective tissue and bone support and is a major cause of tooth loss in adults. In addition to pathogenic microorganisms in the biofilm, genetic and environmental factors, especially tobacco use, contribute to the cause of these diseases. Common forms of periodontal disease have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, cardiovascular ... Read more
Poor oral hygiene is associated with higher levels of risk of cardiovascular disease and low grade inflammation, though the causal nature of the association is yet to be determined.
Free radicals are chemical species possessing an unpaired electron that can be considered as fragments of molecules and which are generally very reactive. They are produced continuously in cells either as accidental by-products of metabolism or deliberately during, for example, phagocytosis. The most important reactants in free radical biochemistry in aerobic cells are oxygen and ... Read more
Epidemiological studies indicate that individuals with severe periodontal disease have significantly increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Periodontal disease, a chronic bacterial infection of the gums, is associated with recurrent bacteremia and a state of systemic inflammation that may convert endothelial cells to a pro-atherogenic phenotype with increased expression of inflammatory factors and loss of the ... Read more
Chronic inflammation of the oral cavity destroys the soft and hard tissues of the periodontium (ie. periodontitis) and causes tooth loss. These pathological changes can result from dysregulated production of reactive oxygen species. Specific aims for this proposal will examine targeted antioxidant therapies using mouse models of oral disease as a potential strategy for adjunctive ... Read more