the latest research available online
Poor oral health of hospitalized patients--an increase in dental plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation and a deterioration in mucosal health--is associated with an increased risk of hospital-acquired infections and reduced life quality.
Saliva, a heterogeneous fluid comprising proteins, glycoproteins, electrolytes, small organic molecules and compounds transported from the blood, constantly bathes the teeth and oral mucosa. It acts as a cleansing solution, an ion reservoir, a lubricant and a buffer. In addition to its other hostprotective properties, saliva could constitute a first line of defence against free ... Read more
Previous research has found reduced salivary antioxidant activity in patients suffering from periodontal disease. An improved understanding of the role antioxidants play in periodontitis, and the influence of nutrition on antioxidant status, may lead to a possible nutritional strategy for the treatment of periodontal disease.
The prevalence of diabetes has dramatically increased worldwide due to the vast increase in the obesity rate. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and it is currently the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Hyperglycemia is the driving force for the development of diabetic nephropathy. It ... Read more
This paper aims to review the role of free radical-induced tissue damage and antioxidant defence mechanisms in inflammatory diseases that involve pathogenic processes similar to the periodontal diseases. There is a clearly defined and substantial role for free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) in periodontitis, but little research has been performed in this area. ... Read more
Among dental metals, copper showed the highest cytotoxicity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma and human submandibular gland carcinoma cells, followed by palladium-alloy, gold and silver. Normal human cells (gingival fibroblast, pulp cells, periodontal ligament fibroblast) were relatively resistant to these metals. The palladium-alloy failed to induce internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, a biochemical hallmark of apoptosis, ... Read more
Background: Numerous in vitro studies have shown that composite materials, commonly used for restorations in conservative dentistry, and in orthodontics to anchor brackets to the tooth enamel, have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. The study determined expression of p53, p63 and p16, biomarkers useful for predicting potential genotoxicity. Conclusion: The significance of p53, p63 and p16 ... Read more
This study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Activ GP and RealSeal sealers in a cell culture system in vitro, and to compare them with traditional AH 26 and Kerr sealers. Conclusion: Freshly mixed RealSeal and Activ GP sealers have lower cytotoxicity than AH 26 sealer and more cytotoxicity than Kerr sealer. When sealers are ... Read more
Study found a positive association of an obestiy-periodontal disease relationship that was consistent and coherent with a biologically plausible role for obesity in the development of periodontal disease. However, with few qualify longitudinal studies, there is an inability to distinguish the temporal ordering of events, thus limiting the evidence that obesity is a risk factor ... Read more
"We've known for a while that there is an association between gum disease and rheumatoid arthritis. But our new work suggests periodontal disease is causal," says study head Jerry A. Molitor, MD, PhD, associate professor in the division of rheumatology and autoimmune disease at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Compared to people with mild or ... Read more