Free radicals are chemical species possessing an unpaired electron that can be considered as fragments of molecules and which are generally very reactive. They are produced continuously in cells either as accidental by-products of metabolism or deliberately during, for example,...
Most cast dental restorations are made from alloys or commercially pure titanium (cpTi). Many orthodontic appliances are also fabricated from metallic materials. It has been documented in vitroand in vivo that metallic dental devices release metal ions, mainly due to...
The cytotoxicity of four methacrylate resin-based sealers was investigated by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay, which measures cell viability by assessing its succinate dehydrogenase activity. The sealers were polymerized in the self-cured mode to simulate the setting condition upon their extrusion...
The results suggest that inflammatory stress and hyperglycemia may increase the corrosion of dental endosseous titanium-based implants, but that longer, more aggressive electrochemical conditions may be necessary to fully assess these effects.
The authors found that dental bonding substances tested alone or in combination with composites are far more cytotoxic than composite materials alone. These data are in line with several cytotoxicity reports but contradict in vivo studies showing the beneficial effects of...
This study looked at the difference in the cytotoxicity related to the modes of polymerization of five commercially available orthodontic bonding resins, with and without an oxygen-inhibited layer (OIL), and to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) of these resins...
Resilon and Activ GP were developed to improve the seal of root canal filling. Even though Resilon and Activ GP have been on the market, there are few studies to investigate their biocompatibility. The aim of the present study was to evaluate...
This study is to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Activ GP and RealSeal sealers in a cell culture system in vitro, and to compare them with traditional AH 26 and Kerr sealers. Conclusion: Freshly mixed RealSeal and Activ GP sealers have...
Adverse tissue reactions of the gingiva and the periodontium - such as enhanced gingivitis and periodontitis - close to dental cast alloys may be caused by the effects of released metal elements. Tissue reactions depend upon the amounts of elements...
Purpose: To compare the cytotoxicity of five one-step dentin-bonding agents on human dental pulp and odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23). Conclusion: These results indicate that one-step dentin-bonding agents differ markedly in their cytotoxicity. Differential cytotoxic effects of one-step dentin-bonding agents should be...
This study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of several resin-based cements (Panavia F, Super-Bond C&B, Chemiace II) after polymerization on cultured human dental pulp cells. After polymerization, three resin-based cements (Panavia F, Super-Bond C&B, Chemiace II) induced slight cytotoxicity....
OBJECTIVES: The comonomer triethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (TEGDMA) is a commonly used constituent of resin-based dental materials. Upon placement, light-cured dental polymers may release a wide spectrum of residual compounds due to incomplete monomer-conversion during polymerization. Apart from liberating unreacted monomers, additional compound...
It is commonly accepted that titanium and the titanium alloying elements of tantalum, niobium, zirconium, molybdenum, tin, and silicon are biocompatible. However, research in the development of new titanium alloys for biomedical applications indicated that some titanium alloys containing molybdenum,...
The substances used in aesthetic procedures, such as bleaching or other whitening agents, can cause a dramatic increase in the level of free radicals in oral tissues.
Microwave irradiation may be considered an alternative to reduce the cytotoxicity of Tokuyama Rebase II. Dental practitioners should choose Lucitone 550 processed with terminal boiling stage.
Transient exposure of casting alloys to an acidic oral environment is likely to significantly increase elemental release from Ni-based alloys, but not from high-noble or noble alloys. Elemental release is important because it plays a significant role in alloy biocompatibility.
Under the conditions of this study, toothbrushing increased the elemental release from dental casting alloys.
Brushing dental casting alloys may increase their cytotoxicity in vitro, but the increase depends heavily on the alloy type and brushing condition.
Studies suggest a correlation between ethanol consumption and periodontal disease. We hypothesized that elevated levels of blood reactive oxygen species following ethanol consumption may increase inflammation in periodontal tissue. Results suggest that chronic alcohol consumption increased periodontal inflammation, oxidative damage,...
Background: Numerous in vitro studies have shown that composite materials, commonly used for restorations in conservative dentistry, and in orthodontics to anchor brackets to the tooth enamel, have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. The study determined expression of p53, p63 and...
Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) is used in dental restorative materials in its polymeric form. However, the process of polymerization is usually incomplete and the monomers of UDMA can diffuse into the oral cavity and the pulp, reaching millimolar concentrations. In the...
The addition of benzalkonium chloride (BAC), an antibacterial agent, to 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride/methyl methacrylate-tri-n-butyl borane (4-META/MMA-TBB) resin, an orthdontic bonding material, confers an antibacterial effect even after immersion in water, and 4-META/MMA-TBB resin containing 0.25% to 0.75% BAC has no significant cytotoxic effect.
This in vitro study aims to evaluate three different base materials (acetal, heat-polymerized, and auto-polymerized resins) on L-929 mouse fibroblast cells over 1 h-, 1-, 3-, 5-, 7-day periods. The hypothesis was that acetal resin would show higher cytotoxic effect...
Dental resin composites and their reactive monomers/co-monomers have been shown to elicit cytotoxic responses in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), and their metabolic radical intermediates have the potential to attack the DNA backbone, which may induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). In...
The presence of the pulpal pressure may cause increasing in fluid filtration and droplet formation in simplified adhesives containing HEMA. The adhesives containing 4-META (G-Bond) may be affected by static phase separation buy by very low osmotic droplets formation and...
The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether experimental light-curing soft lining materials (ESLMs) based on commercially available urethane acrylate oligomers (UA-160TM, UV-3200B, UV-3500BA, and UV-3700B) are suitable for clinical use by measuring their viscosity, compressive modulus, Shore A...
Residual monomers in resin-based biomaterials cause cytotoxicity. We previously showed that methyl methacrylate (MMA) induced mRNA expression of the glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 gene (Gsta1) located downstream of the cis-acting anti-oxidant responsive element (ARE). Herein, we tested the hypothesis that...
Despite the proven cytotoxicity, poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) resin is one of the most frequently and extensively used materials in medical and dental fields. The study examined the potential detoxification of the resin material and restoration of the resin-induced suppression of cellular...
There is concern that dental-resin materials directly loaded on a prepared tooth adversely affect dental pulp tissue by releasing the resin chemicals through dentinal tubes. This study determined whether self-curing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based dental resin extract adversely affected the viability...
This paper aims to review the role of free radical-induced tissue damage and antioxidant defence mechanisms in inflammatory diseases that involve pathogenic processes similar to the periodontal diseases. There is a clearly defined and substantial role for free radicals or...
OBJECTIVES: Aim of this study was by continuous monitoring to assay the proliferative capacity of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), to investigate cytotoxicity of the most common monomers/comonomers in dental resin composites: bisphenol-A-glycidylmethacrylate (BisGMA), hydroxyethylenemethacrylate (HEMA), triethyleneglycoldimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and urethanedimethacrylate (UDMA)...
This study examines cytotoxicity of poly-methylmethacrylate (PMMA)-based dental temporary filling resin to dental pulp cells, and the potential amelioration of the toxicity with an anti-oxidant amino-acid, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). These results suggest that the decreased cell viability and the nearly completely...
This study investigated the role of saliva in the pathogenesis of Oropharyngeal (OP) cancer, which is usually squamous cell carcinoma, the most common head and neck malignancy and accounts for 2 to 4% of all new cancers, and is primarily...
Saliva, a heterogeneous fluid comprising proteins, glycoproteins, electrolytes, small organic molecules and compounds transported from the blood, constantly bathes the teeth and oral mucosa. It acts as a cleansing solution, an ion reservoir, a lubricant and a buffer. In addition...
Patients with periodontal disease display increased bacterial antigen PMN number and activity; this proliferation results in high degree of free radical release culminating in heightened oxidative damage to gingival tissues, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. Damage mediated by free radicals...
BisGMA released from composite resin may potentially affect the vitality of dental pulp and induce pulpal inflammation via stimulation of ROS production, MEK/ERK1/2 activation and subsequent COX-2 gene expression and PGE(2) production. Cytotoxicity of BisGMA to dental pulp cells is...
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on cell viability and mineralization ability of rat dental pulp cells. The pulp capping materials, such as MTA, Dycal (Dentsply Caulk, Milford, DE), and Superbond...
The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that various light curing units (LCUs) have an influence on the cytotoxic action of adhesive systems. Significance: In practice, one should use combinations of dental adhesive and LCU in which...
